An Investigation Into Different Theories Of Modern Curriculum

Attn: Dr. Bobby Burns Superintendent of Schools, Carrollton/ Farmers Branch Independent School District Thank you for your inquiry into different theories of modern curriculum. I believe that while we have served students from CFB very well, there are a number of viewpoints that warrant consideration when redrawing our K-12 curriculum. As you are well aware, our student body is very diverse. In fact, there are nearly 4 times as many Hispanic students than any other group. (Carrollton Farmers Branch Demographics, 2015) Our aging curriculum has taught many thousands of students important facts and skills to make them successful in life after their time at CFB. However, it is apparent that a number of our curricular guides teach from a†¦show more content†¦As they study American History, they hear tales of Christopher Columbus, sailing the ocean blue in 1492, the pilgrims surviving the harsh realities of the American landscape and the heroes that spread across the North American continent. Later, our students learned about the tremendous philanthropists like Carnegie and Rockefeller, playing a pivotal role in creating our uniquely American culture. However, when the role of hero is constantly played by the same cultural archetype, young people not matching that standard my not find relevance in the historical perspective. For example, including an account of the culturally rich century Han dynasty (BBC News, 2015) in counterpoint to the Western perspective, may function as a catalyst to a much broader multicultural understanding. In American History, accounts from Native Americans and Central American Indigents should be presented alongside the tales of Columbus and Pissarro. They may provide a meaningful exchange for our 80 Native American students as well as a more accurate perspective for all students. To augment lessons on great American philanthropists, a narrative of the many African American construction workers who toiled during the building of modern New York City could assist in creating a more complete picture. It is important to mention that creating a more multicultural environment does not require the removal of achievements accomplished by people of a European descent. George Mason University

The Effects Of Being Sleep Deprived - 1292 Words

Negative of effects of being sleep deprived From the introduction of the research it talks about sleep which is an important element of the human body condition and if properly obtained can lead to effective performance from our dayto-day activities, but nowadays people tend to deprive themselves of getting enough sleep either by carrying out some activities like working late at night, student doing their assignment or research late at night. Sleep is very necessary and when not obtained we began to notice some depreciation in daily functions and activities of someone who’s sleep-deprived which can have a negative impact on performance, critical thinking and may lead to health problems. Sleep is important because it has a determining role in your mental and physical health, along with the quality of life (â€Å"How Much Sleep is Enough†, 2012). The purpose of the research is to enlighten the world at large that it’s important that we receive the proper amount of sleep to avoid depreciation in our ability t o problem-solve, think critically and remember adequately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY This study will be a simple ex-post facto design. Simple ex-post facto design methods are quasiexperimental research techniques, which compare preexisting groups on a dependent variable. Ex-post facto designs masquerade as genuine research experiments because both are attempting to prove a change in an independent variable causes a change in a dependent variable, but they differ in thatShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Memory1605 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on memory. A sample of 17 Long-Evans rats was deprived of water except for a 15-minute exposure. 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Frankston First Computerized Spreadsheet -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Frankston First Computerized Spreadsheet? Answer: Introduction: Artificial intelligence is powerful system which provides outputs that can be extremely accurate and replace human efforts. However, they cannot replicate human intelligence. There is need to recognize the opportunities and threats of this different form of intelligence, and develop understanding of the best ways for computers and human to work together. The purpose of this report is to identify the use of artificial intelligence (AI), its opportunities and threats in the accounting profession and to provide an overview of the different AI elements to both accounting and non-accounting professionals AI techniques in the accounting profession have changed accounting work and efficiency in providing services to the clients. These techniques such as machine learning are not new, and the speed of change is fast. Moreover widespread acceptance in business and accounting is still in early stages (accountantsone.com 2018). To make a positive vision of the future, there is a need to develop a deep understanding of how artificial intelligence can solve accounting and business issues, the practical challenges and the skills accountants require to work alongside intelligent systems. Artificial Intelligence (AI): As pointed out by Christensen, Nikolaev and Wittenberg?Moerman (2016), AI is a technology enabling to make decisions in critical tasks, which the human beings use to carry out previously. In other words, AI is psychology that enables computers to do decision-based tasks previously done by humans. It shows up in many forms like machine-based learning that can gradually become better at analysis and decisions the more it is used and speech-based technology that can understand different voices and languages (Articlesbase.com 2018). Advantages: The advantages of artificial intelligence are the machines are programmed in a manner that work for longer hours. The jobs that are monotonous can be conducted with ease through the help of machines. Disadvantages: Artificial intelligence results in unemployment and would enable individual to lose their creative power. The creation of artificial intelligence involves huge amount of cost with complex machines. In case of business organizations employing AI, they are able to seek a competitive advantage, which has helped in enhancing their overall business productivity. When such computer engineering technology is employed in organizations, it would lead to greater analytical and decision-oriented calculations. Several accounting firms are engaged in implementing modern technology such as AI, which has a probability of dramatically changing nature of the profession of accounting. Accountants have embraced waves of automation over several years to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their work but technology will not be able to replace the need for expert knowledge and decision-making (Bizfluent 2018). In fact, earlier generations of intelligent systems have demonstrated the ongoing influence of human expertise and the limits of machines. Since 1950s, Artificial intelligence has been an aspiration of computer scientists, and it has seen great progress in recent years. However system s progressively generate outputs that far exceed the consistency and accuracy of those produced by humans, on a task-by-task basis. AI brings many opportunities for accountants in short to medium term, to increase their efficiency, deliver more value to businesses and provide more insight (Bls.gov 2018). AI raises opportunities in the longer term, for much more drastic change, as systems progressively take over decision-making tasks currently done by humans. The artificial intelligence would fail to create design and lacks creativity because it does not involve human brain. It has been seen that several clients have shown interest in the likely opportunities and threats arising due to AI in a big consulting firm. According to a few clients, there is threat to the current business models of companies (Community.accountantsworld.com 2018). On the other hand, the other clients perceive that AI would help in creating a number of potential opportunities. No one can deny the fact that AI can become a very useful business enhancementtool in professions where significant training isessentialrequirement like In the Accounting Profession where technical precision and right-minded judgments are needed also has large scope for AI applications The application associated with machine learning and AI into the professional context of the accounting firms is an intriguing aspect. Artificial intelligence makes the life of human easier and introduces general intelligence and emotions quotient to the machinery. Cloud solution is used to develop AI that helps in providing unparalleled advantage, as it helps in maintaining the privacy and security of confidential data of various users (Journal of Accountancy 2018). Innovation is propelled with the help of machine learning in accounting profession, which is a principal edge in the AI context. Paul Bulpitt, head of accounting for Xero UK, spoke about the potential of AI in the accounting industry at London Tech Week in Shoreditch. According to him Small businesses always face difficulties with account codes. Every onefiles things differently and the evidence is the 10,000,000 different account codes on Xero.However, machine learning features such as automatic coding provide simple so lutions to these problems. These tasks are eliminating mistakes that humans can so easily make. Role played by technology in changing the work of the accountants in recent decades: Technology evolution has changed the accounting profession in the following ways. Most of the People believe that access to new software has made the accountants job easier. The days are gone where accountants use paper, pens, and calculators to balance the books and verify the ledgersaccuracy. All these sensitive jobs are properly done by technology. Reduction in error Nowadays with specialized accounting software and word processing tools, it is fair to say that technologies have improved accuracyand reduced the margin of inaccuracy. Whereas for data entry, some accountants still use Microsoft Excel and running ledgers, many companies will purchase special software that provides simplified data entry and accurate ledgers results in more accurate financial reports. This is advantageous for businesses because inaccuracy can lead to tax penalties or uninformed decision makers (Logica.ugent.be 2018). Up to a suitable level, reduce margin of error results in financially stable companies thatare better equipped to stay afloat. Technology has changed the accounting procedures Various structural changes are taking place in the operational trenches, particularly regarding the procedures of administration. For example, one of the most significant changes is affecting compliance, because the way in which data is managed and processed becomes fully automated which allows the accounting professionals to obtain fast and reliable data incorporated in each tax report generated. Thus, automated entry of data is the rule after accomplishment of maximum efficacy (Resgroup.com 2018). A need for basic accounting training has declined Moreover, the need for basic accounting training has declined due to the use of special software programs namely the digital technology. Without spending years completing core training, an accountant with access to a computer and the right systems can easily perform statistical analysis, tax preparation services and forecast modeling much more efficiently and effectively. Accountants are no longer number crunchers. In fact, they are professionals having diversified roles such as high end interaction with the users and saving of human resource. Skill Upgradation Nowadays the professional accountant needs a long list of skills before they will land a position with a reputable organization. Being knowledgeable in accounting practices and skilled communicator, accountants also need to be able to apply the processes learned and integrate these processes with IT programs. Although there are a few professionals who are not highly equipped with the latest Enterprise Resource Planning Systems, professionals in the field will need to be able to integrate accounting and IT. As Technologies are always advancing, the American institute of CPAS requires from those who wants to become CPA must keep up with emerging advanced technologies. Technology increases accountants productivity by saving time Keeping all benefits in mind, some accounting organizations have started to implement AI for running their business operations smoothly. Before the introduction of accounting computer programs, accounting entries were manually done, mistakes could mean hours of recalculation, finding mistakes was tedious task. In contrast to periods when cloud technology was not known to the accounting professionals, the industry players are now implementing new technology in their routines and the AI adoption is growing at a faster pace (ThoughtCo 2018). More than 80% of executives believe AI leads to a competitive advantage, and 79% believe it will increase their company's productivity (recent MIT Boston consulting group survey). Categorization of accounting data becomes easy In an identical fashion, AI has strong influence on the categorization of data. The machines and computers now have the ability to ascertain and categories all information into various accounts, which implies that artificial intelligence has made accounting easier for accountants. For example, if an organization has a monthly subscription phone bill and purchased phone bill from the identical phone carrier, the software programs would understand automatically that their nature is different. As a result, they would be placed under different chart of accounts (ThoughtCo 2018). Machine learning could be observed as well, since software programs could learn from different human input to undertake greater judgments. In the current era, the administration jobs are reduced and some operational tasks that the accountants use to perform traditionally are now performed on the part of AI like accounts receivable and accounts payable (ThoughtCo 2018). Opportunities from the use of Artificial Intelligence: Artificial intelligence is applicable to issues pertaining to audit and assurance The technology related to AI is applicable to issues pertaining to audit and assurance in the accounting profession. Thus, it is crucial in identifying the accounting information in an effective way favoring the needs of the clients as well as the accountant work (Resgroup.com 2018). For example since 2015, KPMG has been using McLaren Applied Technologies (MAT) in its audit processes, which allows for the automation of evidence collection and the creation of complex data reports, improving client services and saving time. Similarly, various audit firms are currently deploying software programs in their audit process. These predictive analytics makes the audit procedure easy, As a result, the client services are improved along with efficiency in data collection and evaluation. This is because the monotonous jobs can be easily carried out with the help of machines. Accountants are giving advice, performing future forecasts and introducing new processes that a computer cannot be trusted to do Artificial intelligence helps accountant in effective interpretation of financial information The digital process helps in organizing data and the documentation of the clients effectively, which forms the basis for effective interpretation of the financial information that the clients have provided. The artificial intelligence is regarded as the progressive tool that is developed in financial planning and management accountants have considerable opportunities to use data analytics, which help the business organizations manage decisions. The finance and accounting sector is considered as the premier candidate for the automation procedure, which AI offers due to higher reliance on numbers and data (Resgroup.com 2018). Many businesses are using robotic process automation systems. For example,Kensho, the worlds first robotic computational knowledge engine for financial industry, is an intelligent computer system commonly used by investors and stock traders to predict marketing changes and automatically analyses portfolio performance. The accountants use it with degree of precision to reduce their errors. Repetitive tasks shift to machine Rather than fear changes that Artificial intelligence will have on accounting jobs, its an opportunity for accountants to be excited. The profession is going to become more attractive as repetitive tasks are done by machines. This is important in seeking competitive positioning and obtaining efficiency in providing client services. Nowadays accountants are expected to advise best-practices to management and advise best ways to reduce costs while maximizing profit. The task-oriented accountant is outdated. The accountants are now considered as a business consultant rather than a mathematical tool. Opportunities to use data analytics in making strategic decisions Artificial intelligence could have wide range of effects on the accounting profession like tax return. Tax return preparation duties and audit activities that are performed now by accountants may be fully handled by machines in the coming future. Robo advisers have established a foothold in financial planning domain, while management accountants have unbelievable opportunities to use data analytics to assist their organizations in making strategic decisions. Accountants, who want success in business field, need to think about ways they can deploy technology (said Calum Chace). Opportunity to create a whole new market According to report fromDeloittestates, in the very near future, AI could help to develop a whole new paradigm of products and services, creating a whole new market with large investor profits(Bizfluent 2018). The recent technological progress has a direct effect on managing financial process and book-keeping, in which the tasks require precision. Hence, technology and software programs would be indispensable in the accounting profession in future, as the performance of accounting tasks would rely on advancement of technology. The integration of AI in the accounting profession offers various advantages to the accounting profession like risk minimization, time saving and taking business management to a new stature (Articlesbase.com 2018). According to Derek Bang, chief strategy and innovation officer in USA, Investments by big firms in AI saves time the accountants spend on asset estimation and complex audits. Now every firm should think about how to adopt artificial intelligence, it can be by contracting with specialized technology firms or building their own departments. Paul Bulpitt, head of accounting for Xero UK, spoke about the opportunities from use of AI in the accounting industry, he said that it can help businesses to save time, reduce mistakes and move business management into a new realm. Threats from the use of AI: i) Threat of economic singularity Accountants will be among thefirst professions affected by the use of artificial intelligence.Up to 95 percent of accountants will face some threats related to the new automation capabilities.(Oxford University and Deloitte in 2015).According to Chace, the author of the book Surviving AIandThe Economic Singularity, accountants should consider the long term effects of AI. Inside the span of 20 to 30 years, AI will reach the point whereas lot of people no longer will have jobs because machines will be able to do the job better than humans. This is the point of economic singularity. Having them lose their jobs all at once could have overwhelming effects. To deal with possible huge job losses suitable plan with thorough research is required, both public and private organizations need to support the efforts of error reduction, with the input of communities across the world. In addition, according toeconomist (Keynes in 1930), the Use of AI inthe accountingprofessionhas a 94%chance to caus elosses, in the next couple of decades. Keynes called it a new disease: technological unemployment. This is because people under this circumstances would lose their creativity and would become lazy. ii) Threat of technological singularity Moreover, According to Chace, second threat for humans will come in coming future within 50 to 70 years, when humans will develop an artificial general intelligence, the creation of machines that have all the cognitive abilities of a super intelligent human rather than just having knowledge of one thing, like driving a car. This is called technological singularity. This makes humans the second most intelligent beings on the planet. It will be uncomfortable and important challenge for human. iii) Threat associated with additional cost Most of the organizations consider AI as cause of additional expenses; the major threat is associated with costs to be spent in repairing and maintaining and upgrade technology. Companies such as Apple and Uber could consider artificial intelligence as threat or rising cost. iv) Threat in relation to ethical and moral values There is another threat of AI in relation to ethical and moral values. The incorporation of machines into the working system of the organizations might lack efficiency and they are not as accurate such as the gift of nature (Articlesbase.com 2018). Conclusion: From the above discussion, it could be stated that numerous benefits are inherent in the profession of accounting, if AI is incorporated in the business process. AI leads to a competitive advantage which increases company's productivity. It makes accounting job easier, and reduces the margin of error as machines are programmed with longer hour of constant work. Accountants are expected to advise best-practices and now considered as a business consultant rather than a mathematical tool. As discussed earlier technological and economic singularities are big challenges for human but can be solved by the help of research institutes which are already dedicated to dealing with this challenge. We can conclude that AI will bring about another revolution in the industry, which doesnt put accountants out ofjob, butin reality artificial intelligence is regarded as recommendations since it helps them and their services get more business value and efficiency. References accountantsone.com/jobseekers/CloudComputing, a. (2018). [online] Available at: https://accountantsone.com/jobseekers/CloudComputing.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Articlesbase.com. (2018).Adult education - ArticleWorld. [online] business: https://www.articlesbase.com/education-articles/how-accounting-has-changed-with-computers-1740141.html [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Bizfluent. (2018).How Have Computerized Accounting Systems Such As QuickBooks Changed the Way Accounting Is Done?. [online] Available at: https://www.ehow.com/about_5431873_computerized-changed-way-accounting-done.html [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Bls.gov. (2018).Accountants and Auditors : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. [online] Available at: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Business-and-Financial/Accountants-and-auditors.htm#tab-2 [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Community.accountantsworld.com, C. (2018).Website Login - AccountantsWorld Blog For Accountants and CPA's. [online] Community.accountantsworld.com. Available at: https://community.accountantsworld.com/home/2011/7/8/did-quickbooks-break-client-accounting-the-poll-results-are.html [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Journal of Accountancy. (2018).A Quick Guide to QuickBooks. [online] Available at: https://www.journalofaccountancy.com/Issues/2011/Dec/20114555.htm [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Logica.ugent.be. (2018).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://logica.ugent.be/albrecht/thesis/FOTFS2008-Heeffer.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Resgroup.com. (2018). Accounting Software: Intacct Dynamics GP | The Resource Group. [online] Available at: https://www.resgroup.com/how-computerized-accounting-systems-have-changed-world-numbers [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. ThoughtCo. (2018).Bricklin, Frankston and the First Computerized Spreadsheet. [online] Available at: https://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa010199.htm [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. ThoughtCo. (2018).History of Accounting from Ancient Times to Today. [online] Available at: https://inventors.about.com/od/astartinventions/a/History-Of-Accounting.htm [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]

Technology and its future development

The development of technology has drastically changed the world. It is a good thing because it will help develop mechanisms and further advancements to help humanity on individual and social levels.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Technology and its future development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article â€Å"Singularity† talks about a great rate of development in technology and that it might lead to technology becoming self efficient. This is a possibility out of fiction movies such as â€Å"Blade Runner† and â€Å"Gattaca† and literary works like â€Å"Frankenstein†. The article specifies that the development of atom size technology will advance self evolution of intelligence of machine and eventually, it will become superior to humans and overtake the world. It is clear that technology is starting to become smaller but it is to the benefit of people and with careful control will not evolve into a great evil. The movie â€Å"Blade Runner† illustrates a future where people gained an ability to create clones which are used for work on planets other than Earth. Eventually, these half-humans half-machines start a war against people. This sort of scenario seems very unlikely because modern people would be able to control the conditions of evolution. They would notice that machines have the potential to self-evolve and get out of control, and actions would be taken to prevent this. Another movie â€Å"Gattaca†, tells a story of DNA modification and discrimination where people are outcast due to their genes and biological make-up. This sort of technology is slowly developing where scientists are able to do experiments with DNA but discriminating people due to their genetics is highly improbable. There are laws today that are becoming world-wide which prevent any type of discrimination, especially if it is in-born. A story of â€Å"Frankensteinà ¢â‚¬  is another example of a futuristic case, where a person is created in a laboratory. The story uses a semi-scientific method in the creation and coming alive of a â€Å"person† but he is attributed human qualities and a life where the development according to society is illustrated. This can somewhat be aligned with technology helping people who are extremely ill. A technology like that would also be beneficial, even though making someone come back to life has little chance of happening.Advertising Looking for essay on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Futuristic movies and short stories portray a grim future where machines take over humanity and people have to fight their own creations. People are the ones that give these mechanisms an idea, which is manifested through their ability to function. Of course, there is always a possibility of a malfunction in the mechanism, as can sometimes be observe d today. Computer viruses and system breakdowns are very common and this is an example of the detrimental factors of technology. People must take into account all outcomes, as well as machines gaining their own â€Å"understanding† and functioning. The article makes it clear how technology can be used for the benefit of humanity. â€Å"Biorobotic† limbs can find very useful application in the population. Cell technologies can reach great potential in preventing the spread and outbreak of diseases. Nanotechnology can allow for smaller devices to be used both mechanically and biologically. The fact that technology is becoming smaller increases the ways it can be implemented into people’s lives. Technology and its advancement have seen a great jump forward in the last years but it does not mean that it will be the catalyst in destroying humanity. With careful usage and controlled environment it will serve for the benefit of people for years to come. This essay on Technology and its future development was written and submitted by user Wayne L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Pivot Points of Alcohol Consumption Control essays

The Pivot Points of Alcohol Consumption Control essays For thousands of years alcohol has been regarded by society as a temporary escape from reality and the tensions of everyday life. People use alcohol to reduce stress, to relax, and to enjoy a good evening. This should be the real purpose of alcohol drinking. This is the way in which alcohol should be looked upon. There should be no reason for alcohol drinking to be looked upon as negative action. Drinking alcohol however, is in fact regarded as a negative action by society and the government. This is not because of the action drinking alcohol itself but actually because of the abuse people undertake with such an action. Alcohol reduces the ability of a human being to undergo the basic and every day thought processes, in such a way impeding a person under the influence of alcohol to engage in regular and everyday events. Arguably, the problem of alcohol drinking counts for one of the largest threats to human life in the world. This is due to the high number of fatalities occurring fro m alcohol related murders, fights, and most of all- traffic accidents. Alcohol abuse impairs a humans ability to drive a vehicle and consequently creates simple grounds for death from a car collision. In the United States alone, drinking and driving accidents account for the number one cause of death among all age groups, mainly however, young adults and late teenagers. Youth in the United States is suffering from a high number of fatalities and injuries caused from falls, burns, crashes, drowning, violence, suicide, and poisoning- where the highest percentage of these accidents are related to alcohol. Due to the fact that alcohol abuse is such a high cause for morbidity and injury, governments and societies of countries all over the world concentrate on different techniques and methods in which to decrease these regrettable incidents. The problem is however, alcohol cannot be completely abolished. Drinking alcohol has formed such a large part of life...

10 Things You Dont Know About Albert Einstein

10 Things You Dont Know About Albert Einstein Most people know that Albert Einstein was a famous scientist who came up with the formula Emc2. But do you know these ten things about this genius? He Loved to Sail When Einstein attended college at the Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, Switzerland, he fell in love with sailing. He would often take a boat out onto a lake, pull out a notebook, relax, and think. Even though Einstein never learned to swim, he kept sailing as a hobby throughout his life. Einsteins Brain When Einstein died in 1955, his body was cremated and his ashes scattered, as was his wish. However, before his body was cremated, pathologist Thomas Harvey at Princeton Hospital conducted an autopsy in which he removed Einsteins brain. Rather than putting the brain back in the body, Harvey decided to keep it, ostensibly for study. Harvey did not have permission to keep Einsteins brain, but days later, he convinced Einsteins son that it would help science. Shortly thereafter, Harvey was fired from his position at Princeton because he refused to give up Einsteins brain. For the next four decades, Harvey kept Einsteins chopped-up brain (Harvey had it cut into 240 pieces) in two mason jars with him as he moved around the country. Every once in a while, Harvey would slice off a piece and send it to a researcher. Finally, in 1998, Harvey returned Einsteins brain to the pathologist at Princeton Hospital. Einstein and the Violin Einsteins mother, Pauline, was an accomplished pianist and wanted her son to love music too, so she started him on violin lessons when he was six years old. Unfortunately, at first, Einstein hated playing the violin. He would much rather build houses of cards, which he was really good at (he once built one 14 stories high!), or do just about anything else. When Einstein was 13-years old, he suddenly changed his mind about the violin when he heard the music of Mozart. With a new passion for playing, Einstein continued to play the violin until the last few years of his life. For nearly seven decades, Einstein would not only use the violin to relax when he became stuck in his thinking process, but he would also play socially at local recitals or join in impromptu groups such as Christmas carolers who stopped at his home. Presidency of Israel A few days after Zionist leader and first President of Israel Chaim Weizmann died on November 9, 1952, Einstein was asked if he would accept the position of being the second president of Israel. Einstein, age 73, declined the offer. In his official letter of refusal, Einstein stated that he not only lacked the natural aptitude and the experience to deal properly with people, but also, he was getting old. No Socks Part of Einsteins charm was his disheveled look. In addition to his uncombed hair, one of Einsteins peculiar habits was to never wear socks. Whether it was while out sailing or to a formal dinner at the White House, Einstein went without socks everywhere. To Einstein, socks were a pain because they often would get holes in them. Plus, why wear both socks and shoes when one of them would do just fine? A Simple Compass When Albert Einstein was five years old and sick in bed, his father showed him a simple pocket compass. Einstein was mesmerized. What force exerted itself on the little needle to make it point in a single direction? This question haunted Einstein for many years and has been noted as the beginning of his fascination with science. Designed a Refrigerator Twenty-one years after writing his Special Theory of Relativity, Albert Einstein invented a refrigerator that operated on alcohol gas. The refrigerator was patented in 1926 but never went into production because new technology made it unnecessary. Einstein invented the refrigerator because he read about a family that was poisoned by a sulfur dioxide-emitting refrigerator. Obsessed Smoker Einstein loved to smoke. As he walked between his house and his office at Princeton, one could often see him followed by a trail of smoke. Nearly as part of his image as his wild hair and baggy clothes was Einstein clutching his trusty briar pipe. In 1950, Einstein is noted as saying, I believe that pipe smoking contributes to a somewhat calm and objective judgment in all human affairs. Although he favored pipes, Einstein was not one to turn down a cigar or even a cigarette. Married His Cousin After Einstein divorced his first wife, Mileva Maric, in 1919, he married his cousin, Elsa Loewenthal (nee Einstein). How closely were they related? Quite close. Elsa was actually related to Albert on both sides of his family. Alberts mother and Elsas mother were sisters, plus Alberts father and Elsas father were cousins. When they were both little, Elsa and Albert had played together; however, their romance only began once Elsa had married and divorced Max Loewenthal. An Illegitimate Daughter In 1901, before Albert Einstein and Mileva Maric were married, the college sweethearts took a romantic getaway to Lake Como in Italy. After the vacation, Mileva found herself pregnant. In that day and age, illegitimate children were not uncommon and yet they were also not accepted by society. Since Einstein did not have the money to marry Maric nor the ability to support a child, the two were not able to get married until Einstein got the patent job over a year later. So as not to besmirch Einsteins reputation, Maric went back to her family and had the baby girl, whom she named Lieserl. Although we know that Einstein knew about his daughter, we dont actually know what happened to her. There are but just a few references to her in Einsteins letters, with the last one in September 1903. It is believed that Lieserl either died after suffering from scarlet fever at an early age or she survived scarlet fever and was given up for adoption. Both Albert and Mileva kept the existence of Lieserl so secret that Einstein scholars only discovered her existence in recent years.

Business Law, Sparkle Solutions, Dalton and Empire Finance Case Study

Business Law, Sparkle Solutions, Dalton and Empire Finance - Case Study Example Finally, the paper will also incorporate the amendments that are to be made in the Irish legal system pertaining to the bail system (Quinn 2009). It is imperative to understand the case before understanding the necessary bail system amendments as well as liability under which the defender is held. In this case, a contract the finance Empire Company sued a contract cleaning company, Sparkles Solutions because of Sparkle Solutions employee Dalton, who stole a large amount of money from Empire Finance office. Despite that Dalton has been caught by the police due to the criminal charges and has been suspended by the Sparkle Solutions, the Empire Company intends to sue them to recover their financial loss of  Ã¢â€š ¬25,000 because of the burglary (Ireland, Great Britain 2010). The finance company which is the Empire Company in this case can report their complaint against the Sparkle Solutions to the District court, before a judge without a jury. It is suggested because they need their money back and for that they can just file a case against the contract company Sparkles Solution and offend them of their irresponsibility towards their employee or may be about their involvement in the burglary act. The Sparkle Solutions Company can appeal to the Central Criminal Court before the jury as they have taken initiatives on their employee Dalton’s act of burglary by firing him and sending him to the jail for his crime. This way they can defend themselves from the offences of the finance company, before the jury and the judge. In California, a person named Alan S. Lewis who was 51 was accused of burglary, and grand theft in the sale annuities and he was charged with the $300,000 by 12 clients for the fraud and the burglary issues. The court threw 29 felony charges on him and misdemeanor against him. He spent minimum of four months

PR & Corporate Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

PR & Corporate Communication - Essay Example There are various lines of thoughts that can be induced from this performance based on the views by the stakeholders. The communication of such information to the public and the perception of stakeholders have various implications on PISA, such as brand building, perception of the product, value of the program, trust and awareness of the program (Gehrt, Moffitt & Carlos 2010). This essay will focus on three frames that have been brought forward by education stakeholders in the UK. These are, first, the PISA results are contributed by the outstanding performance of UK in history. Secondly, the performance is viewed as dismal because of the continued average performance. Finally, the results are viewed as wrong and do not represent the actual state of education in the UK. Before addressing these frames, let us look at the objectives of this PR and corporate communication strategy. This PR and corporate communication strategy endeavours to facilitate the communication of information relating to the performance of United Kingdom in the global education quality ranking. The stakeholders in education have mixed reactions to such performance. The mode in which this information is communicated influences the response by these stakeholders. Therefore, a focus will be given to the opinions raised by the stakeholders. In particular, it shall focus on the influence of history on the current performance. Secondly, it will try to bring out results as a low stoop for the United Kingdom and lastly, it shall look at the results as flawed and does not represent the state off education in UK. The strategy also endeavours that information is passed to the audience in a clear and unbiased way. In addition, it will facilitate the incorporation of the concerns of stakeholders in the education sector such as the government, parents, students, and educators among others. Next, the role of the stakeholders has been put into

Legislation & regulations Essay Example for Free

Legislation regulations Essay Until the passage of the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act of 1938, which for the first time imposed penalties for products that contains dangerous or impure substances, the production and sale of cosmetics in the United States was then regulated. Grolier (2005:220). Clear and accurate labeling of all ingredients was now required. The food and drug laws are administered by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), sometimes in conjunction with the Department of Agriculture. With regard to cosmetics, the laws hold the manufacturers responsible for selling products that are in compliance with the regulations. Manufacturers, however, are not required to register their companies, their products, or their product ingredients with the FDA. They need not report adverse reactions, if they occur among their customers. The FDA may investigate a product , but bears the responsibility for proving that a substance used in that product is harmful. The industry, however, has been largely self-policing in the recent years. Reputable manufacturers conduct their own product-safety tests. In this table, the functions of FDA are enumerated, although not limited only to these: Source: Passiment (2006:38) Prue (2007:349) As part of the screening procedures and safety measures in adapting these products and selling cross-regions, the question on quality control assessment should never be compromised nor put into secondary importance. The degree of the quality measures will directly impact product performance, societal consumption, customer loyalty and market survival of the firm. Thus, the evaluating board should minimally possess the strictest procedures or methodologies of testing and evaluating these bio-products, as per the illustration or flowchart below: Source: Akoh (2004:39) Regulatory and Safety Conditions More than cosmetics, the government also oversees regulatory policies for any agents intended for use in the processing of foods or synthesis of compounds or ingredients for food use. According to the Food Chemical Codex, enzymes as listed must have a GRAS status or undergo the regulatory process of approval. However, the controversy over genetically modified organisms should be taken into consideration by molecular biotechnologists and applied biotechnologists as they design new lipases for new uses. These regulatory polices were established by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for substances that will be present in the diet at low levels. Neither the enzyme preparation nor the production organism has any health-related hazard, and both lack any oral toxicity and genotoxicity. Imposing and implementing policies affecting human subjects are the main functions of the FDA. Being a federal regulatory agency that monitors the safety and effectiveness of food and beverages and even of medical devices. The FDA is broken down into centers:   Center for Devices and Radiological Health with its Office of In Vitro Diagnostics Device Evaluation   Center for the Biological Evaluation and Research FDA classification are designated into several classes: Class I, Class II or Class III, with Class I being the least regulation. Devices are classified by the risk of harming the user and design. The simpler the design, the higher the probability that it will be categorized as Class I. FDA’s decisions can be very controversial for the industry and for the company or the manufacturer. It should be noted however that this decision-making process is not a rule-making game, so neither the affected company be able to comment on FDA’s decisions. The FDA has been commonly viewed as an obstructionist to a new innovation. , especially in new products and medication.

How to say no Summary :: essays research papers

Chapter 1- Saying No: The Basics In the first chapter of How to Say No Without Feeling Guilty, the authors present the basics of saying no. But why say no? Many times people are persuaded into doing things they don’t want to do, simply because they can’t find the right words to say no. Another reason why people don’t say no is because they are afraid of what the person will think of them if they say no. I can understand this, because many times I have found myself doing things for people because I couldn’t think of a good excuse to get myself out. After reading the first chapter, I learned the basic techniques to politely saying no. The first one is surprisingly simple—just buy more time. If you can put off your decision to accepting a request from someone, you then have the time to really think about what it will take to satisfy the other person. One of the phrases they suggested was, â€Å"I need to find out if I work first†. As a college student, my work schedule is anyth ing but consistent, so that phrase will be great for me to use. Another suggestion was to say you have a â€Å"policy† against doing something. It’s good because it lets the person know how important it is to do what you need to do. But for me, I don’t think this would be any good, because my friends wouldn’t buy the fact that I have a â€Å"policy†. The prevention technique seemed like it would be a good one. I have a friend who whenever I see, he always wants to go out to a bar and drink. I normally don’t mind, but if I go over to visit him and I’m not in the mood to go out, he will insist that we go anyways. Prevention would be good in this case because if I don’t feel like going out that night, I should probably just avoid this friend entirely. Lying to someone in order not to hurt them, or the face-saving excuse is also a good tactic. If an unattractive girl were to ask me out, I wouldn’t tell her no because I thought she was unattractive. I would probably tell her that I have a lot of work to do for the next couple of months, and I don’t really have time to be going out with her.

Analysing Adaptation of Sherlock According to Different Times Essay

The producers adapted a most suitable extent of sources after film come into the world ,it includes classic-novels from eighteenth-century to nineteenth- century ,horror film ,love story ,feature story and Dracula movie. The episodes Sherlock belongs to detective series and it is based on the great novel Sherlock Holmes which is written by Conan Doyle. This essay will demonstrates how the programme-makers adapt original novel to episode and widen people’s horizons about Sherlock Holmes in new century . Adaptation has draw critical notice for over sixty years and media often make comparison between a film and its original writer ,so the script of Sherlock is a big challenge for its writers Steven Moffat ,Mark Gatiss(who is acting as Mycroft Holmes ,the brother of Sherlock Holmes) and Steve Thompson. The extract I focus on is from 00:10:00 to 00:15: 00 in series 1 ,episode 3 ,Sherlock. And the name of this episode is called The Great Game which is originally called â€Å"The Five Orange Pips, one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the fifth of the twelve stories in the Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. † (Wallechinsky, D & Wallace, I 2012) Writers move Sherlock from Victorian era in 19th century to nowadays means that many details must be replaced by the changing of times. Like five orange pips has been shifted to five mobile rings in this abstract. Famous books have thought value and artistic charm through the veil of time. But they still have limitations according to specific writers and times. Thus writers should use modern view to take a new look at advantages and disadvantages of famous books in adaptation . On one hand ,the writers of Sherlock unearths inherent thought value and artistic value. On the other hands ,they work hardly to overcome all kinds of restrictions on account of history era or original writer. Initially ,The most successful and charming point in original works is the invention of deduction from Sherlock Holmes. For example, there is a deduction from Sherlock Holmes at 00:12:10 in extract . The most valuable and memorable thing in novel is that Sherlock Holmes can deduct a fact from very small details and writers of Sherlock inherit this treasure. This is how the writers of Sherlock unearths inherent thought value and artistic value. Secondly ,There are many cases of how writers break various of restrictions because of different ages. For instance, killers only can sent five orange pips as warning to the victim because the communication is not quite developed in victorian age. Furthermore ,technology is being gradually advanced today . Few of English familys have telephones at victorian time. The main communication tool is Telegram and letters at that time. so it is much convenient for criminal and Sherlock Holmes to have interaction. Like dialogue in the extract at 00:13:14 said that some secret societies used to send dried melon seeds, orange pips ,things like that-five pips. This is in order to keep up with the times and it has not distorted the original author’s intention but grasp the nature of original works. No matter five orange pips or five ringtones ,they both indicate that the murder is going to happen again . Here is another case in point is that the blog of John Waston replace John Waston’s diary in Sherlock. Like the dialogue in the extract at 00:12:28 ,Sherlock Holmes ask Lestrade: â€Å"Study in the Pink† ? You read his blog? And Lestrade answer that :Of course . we all do. The blog record the details of every single story about Sherlock Holmes, while the dairy need to be re-edit into a book in original work. And after published ,readers could read it , which means that readers have to wait for a long-term and need to pay for the book. However, the blog from DR. Waston could update everyday and the readers could scan blog free of charge. Criminal send a picture to Sherlock at 00:13:04 in extract. It conveys information more clearly because of new technology. The letter within 5 orange pips which was sent from different harbors in novel and it becomes the crime scene which criminal Moriarty told to Sherlock. Sherlock and Dr. Wasten go to visit police station by taxi at 00:11:01 in extract and they always go by carriage in original novel . This adaptation has improved the efficiency of solving a case. There is a scene of the home where Sherlock live in at the time of 00:10:48 in extract. The decoration of Sherlock’s home accord with the feature of Sherlock Holmes. Although there is no kerosene lamp in Sherlock ,it still depict a faithful figure of Sherlock Holmes ,not live in a too rustic or too modern place. Wang Liu said that â€Å"there are six styles of adaptation and each of them are transplant ,excerpts, concentrate ,comprehending means ,comprehending means flexible and compound. †(Wang, 2000,p. 359-361) Sherlock belongs to comprehending means ,in other word ,writers have inspiration from original works and rebuild the story but keep primary figures and scene in it. Sherlock is a faithful adaptation even if it is in different times. That is because it inherit inherent thought value and artistic value from original work. A faithful adaptation is not definitely faithful to original novels. They just should faithful to original theme ,the personalities of the characters and understanding of plot. â€Å"Holmes is tall and lean, with piercing eyes and a hawklike nose, because that is the way his friend and amanuensis ,Dr. John H. Watson, describes him in A Study in Scarlet, The first of the four short novels and fifty-six short stories in which Arthur Conan Doyle introduce him to the world. (Leitch, 2007 ,p. 208)The actor of Sherlock Holmes in Sherlock episode is Benedict who is suitable to Sherlock’s disposition. The only insufficient is that the episode has not represent another personality of Sherlock Holmes who is not only a consult detective but also a fighter who is skillful at various kinds of martial arts and is often the winner between fighting with criminals in novel. Sherlock Holmes is always in a weak position when fighting with criminals in episode. However, it violate the original ideal of Conan Doyle. To sum up, the writers of Sherlock comprehend the theme of original novel generally. Although they put Sherlock Holmes into modern life in 21st century, they unearths inherent thought value and artistic value and working hardly to break different restrictions in terms of original writers and times. The creative and succession should be approved ,but it still has a little bit flaw need to be correct. Overall, Sherlock belongs to comprehending means . It is a faithful adaptation because it is faithful to original theme ,the personalities of the characters and understanding of plot.

Lithuanian Footwear Manufacturing Industry Analysis According to Porter‘S Five Forces

Lithuanian Footwear Manufacturing Industry Analysis According to Porter‘s Five Forces Introduction For all times footwear has been a basic necessity and just recently it has become a matter of fashion and prestige, thus making huge changes in footwear industry: it expanded and became well differentiated. Therefore, in order to perform and compete effectively, companies have to analyze their external environment. This paper will concentrate on Porter’s five forces that shape competition in Lithuanian footwear com/chapter-practice/">manufacturing industry. Rivalry A decade ago there were much more footwear manufacturers in Lithuania.However, right after Lithuania joined the European Union, footwear imports from China to the European Union increased eight times. It caused huge profit losses for Lithuania’s footwear manufacturers and many of them withdrew from the market. Today there are two main footwear manufacturers UAB â€Å"Sabalin† and UAB â€Å"Lituanic a†, a few smaller manufacturers such as UAB â€Å"Paliutis† and UAB â€Å"Evenida† and there are also some individual businesses which do not mass-produce but manufacture shoes just for individual orders. As we can see there are not many Lithuanian companies but their competition creates the rivalry a positive sum.The largest companies UAB â€Å"Sabalin† and UAB â€Å"Lituanica† produce leather shoes for the whole family and export most of their production to other European countries, especially to Great Britain, Latvia and Finland (http://www. lituanica. info/m93-1. html, http://www. visalietuva. lt/imones/info/sabalin-uab). Smaller manufacturers concentrate on specific footwear production such as boots and working shoes or take orders from Lithuania’s companies and produce big quantities of specific safety shoes or shoes which are part of employees’ uniform.Footwear manufacturing usually is not their only scope so when they have hard times in shoes manufacturing, they concentrate on other fields. For example UAB â€Å"Paliutis† produces not only boots but also other rubber and plastic production (http://avalyne. paliutis. lt/index. php), UAB â€Å"Arnesima† produces safety working shoes and, in addition, they offer safety gloves, waterproof clothes and etc (http://www. arnesima. lt/). Individual businesses do not have a great demand because Lithuanians prefer custom boots just for ery important occasions, for example, weddings or when the foot is not standard and they cannot find suitable shoes in shoe stores. However, the main competitors for footwear manufacturers in Lithuania are Chinese footwear producers. According to UAB â€Å"Lituanica† director D. Keltuva, just the leather they use for a pair of shoes costs the same as the finished Chinese pair of shoes. To become more competitive, Lithuanian manufacturers cut their prices; however, it was impossible to become equivalent competitors because Chinese labor force was far and away cheaper.Besides, young to middle-age Lithuanians are concerned about fashion and prestige so Lithuanian manufacturers are unable to compete with designers’ shoes or well known brands. UAB â€Å"Sabalin† director Regina Arcisauskaite claims that her manufactory orients to segments from middle to high prices and to middle class people; however, this company does not aim for luxurious or fashionable products’ segment. New entrants Recently not a single bigger footwear manufacturing business has been started. The main reason is the economic recession, which has caused the decrease in footwear sales.Another reason is still huge competition from China. However, today shoe shops â€Å"Lietuviska avalyne† and â€Å"Dolita† report that sales in Lithuania are constantly increasing and people, especially elder ones, prefer more expensive, but quality Lithuanian shoes from natural leather and fur. Besides, Lithuani ans have turned back to small boutique shops and prefer shopping in places which offer unique products and comfortable surroundings. This probably will cause an increase in number of small shops, run by small businesses owners or new entrants who will be willing to fill this niche.Lithuania’s government policy is favorable to new entrants and offers a lot of ways to start a new company. The main requirements for new business entrants are quite high government taxes and the initial capital in some cases. However, new entrants face one huge barrier to entry. Most Lithuanians do not trust Lithuanian production; they do not think about the quality and price and choose fashionable foreign footwear. Moreover, incumbents have already survived through Chinese invasion and recession so they have a lot of experience.As soon as the newcomers face the first difficulties they might get lost and go bankrupt just like many other Lithuanian footwear manufacturers did five years ago. This mig ht discourage them from entering this market. One more important barrier is that in order to open a new footwear manufactory a huge amount of initial capital is needed. New entrants need new premises, inventories and qualified employees. This may also deter a lot of newcomers from entering this market. Substitutes Shoe market in Lithuania is tremendous.You can see shoe shops everywhere and shoes in various styles, colors, designs and prices are brought there from a lot of different countries. There are a lot of other shoe stores which offer quality footwear. These shops gain advantage because customers are exposed to a great choice, meanwhile people can merely see Lithuanian shoe shops in shopping centers or in the streets. Moreover, Lithuania’s youth tends to wear mainly sports shoes and frequently replace them with new ones. They wear them both in summer and in winter, so they are not looking for quality and long lasting shoes which are rather expensive.In this age of new t echnologies another substitute is available for everyone – online shops or eBay. Lithuanians find it cheaper to order something from overseas than to buy it in local shops. This phenomenon is also applicable to footwear. Most of the online shops have return policies so people are not afraid to buy and, if it is necessary, to change the item. Finally, parents tend to buy footwear for their children in second-hand shops. They see no need to spend huge amounts on shoes when their child’s feet are constantly growing. The same trend is seen among elder people.Pensions in Lithuania are relatively low so the pensioners cannot afford new quality shoes. Therefore, they go to second-hand shops where they can find almost new and really quality foreign footwear; they even can find branded shoes in very good condition. Since the price is still a very important factor in choosing shoes, nowadays most Lithuanians try to find substitutes which could offer suitable quality and price ra tio. Power of suppliers Today Lithuanian footwear manufacturers buy raw materials mainly from Lithuanian companies, for example, leather processing companies AB â€Å"Siauliu Stumbras† and UAB â€Å"Naturali oda. There is a great variety of available leather and other raw material suppliers in Europe so footwear manufacturers are not dramatically dependent on their suppliers and can easily switch their suppliers since switching costs are low. However, leather processing companies depend on economic situation and cattle ranches. The manager of leather processing company â€Å"TDL Oda† Vidmantas Simkus explains that when economic crisis occurred, the demand for meat decreased thus the number of grown cattle also decreased.It resulted in lack of raw leather material last year and was the reason for double increase in price. Respectively, Lithuanian footwear manufacturers had to buy more expensive raw materials, their product prices increased and they became less competit ive in shoes market. Besides, footwear manufacturers are not the only ones who use leather for their production. Coats, gloves, hats, handbags and some bijouterie are made from leather so leather processing companies have some power to choose whom to sell their production to and in this way to raise the prices. Power of buyersFootwear is necessary for every person so they cannot avoid buying shoes. However, they can choose where and what kind of shoes to buy. Generally, in footwear industry buyers do not have a lot of power, but in Lithuania their power is significant. Since there is great variety of imported shoes and just a few Lithuanian footwear shops, the buyers’ choices determine which shoe shops (and thus which manufacturers) will survive. There are very few shops in Lithuania which sell both foreign and Lithuanian footwear; Lithuanian footwear is sold mostly in special stores.Since Lithuanians do not trust Lithuanian production, their preference might cause bankruptcy for some shops. It would mean that Lithuanian footwear would be sold just outside the country. Individual businesses owners are greatly dependent on the buyers because they are their main customers and if they are not willing to pay for original custom shoes, these businesses are sure to face a lot of difficulties. On the other hand, Lithuanian footwear in export countries has a lot of loyal customers who recognize products’ quality and reasonable price.UAB â€Å"Lituanica† director Kestuts Deltuva says that their sales abroad are constantly increasing and they have a lot of new orders and now they are having a very busy season. Conclusion All things considered, Lithuanian footwear manufacturing industry is full of opportunities. Rivalry among Lithuanian footwear producers is rather weak. Since they do not intensively compete in Lithuania’s shoes market, it creates some opportunities for new entrants. This industry is open for new entrants who should consider d ifferent strategic plans and try to meet the demand for both quality and fashionable footwear in Lithuania.The main problem that Lithuanian footwear manufacturers face is a great variety of substitutes: shoes of different brands, styles and origin are easily accessible, and also different places and ways of acquisition are available. Suppliers do not have significant power; however, buyers are the main force which determines which companies will survive in Lithuanian footwear manufacturing industry. References June 27, 2005. Avalynes gamintojai siekia ES apsaugos. Retrieved from http://www. zebra. lt/lt/naujienos/verslas/avalynes-gamintojai-siekia-es-apsaugos-72238. html June 2010.Footwear Industry Profile: Europe. Industry overview. Retrieved from Business Source Complete Inciuriene, Sigita. November, 2010. Vidmantas Simkus: Man geriausia Siauliuose. Retrieved from http://lics-siauliai. lt/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Mes-Siaulieciai-Nr61. pdf August 29, 2005. Kinu batsiuviai verzia kilpa Lietuvos avalynes gamintojams. Retrieved from http://www. verslobanga. lt/lt/spaudai. full/4312ada8d1f1a October 18, 2010. Lietuvos batsiuviai be batu nelieka. Retrieved from http://www. verslozinios. lt/index. php? act=mprasa&sub=article&id=26957

The portrayal of women Essays

The portrayal of women Essays The portrayal of women Essay The portrayal of women Essay Women are portrayed very differently in these pre-twentieth short stories than they are in real life today. This helps to show how differently women were looked at generally before 1900. Women were seen at as inferior and the second sex in these stories. They are also seen as breeding machines and if they did not have a husband to support them with money, then they would die. This is in stark contrast to today, where they are independent and lead their own lives. Women no longer need a man to survive. In The Half Brothers by Elizabeth Gaskell, women are regarded as needing a husband to stay alive. This is shown in the very first line of the story, My mother was twice married. Even in this small statement, we can see from the fact that she was married twice that she needed a husband. When her first husband died, the mother was left with a huge mountain to climb, and the farm on her hands for four years more by the lease, with half the stock on it dead, or sold off one by one to pay the more pressing debts, and with no money to purchase more. This quote shows that without a husband, her life is a struggle. She has been left with a farm which she does not know how to run, with dying animals, and with no money whatsoever. The fact that she was expecting another child meant that her life would have been full of fear of not having enough money to be able to support her and her family. I can see that she is desperate from when her sister comes over and together they, planned and plotted how to make every penny they could raise go as far as possible. We also know that food is short when the story says, but my mother knew that they were pinched, and that aunt Fanny herself had not as much to eat, even of the commonest kind of food, as she could have done with; and as for Gregory, he was not a strong lad. The question of money is eradicated when William Preston asks the mother to marry him. He is a wealthy man and he promises to look after her and her boy. She would never have to do anything ever again because William Preston can provide her with everything she would ever need, and as William Prestons wife she would never need to do anything, if she chose to sit with her hands before her; and a boy was a great charge to a widowed mother; and now there would be a decent, steady man to see after him. The only problem is that she does not love William Preston but it seems as if the offer of marriage is too good to refuse. Indeed it was too good to refuses and she and William Preston were married. This situation again highlights the need of a woman for a husband. Here the woman has married a man purely for money, so that she can have a comfortable life with her children. She does not even love the man, and never smiled after the day when she promised William Preston to be his wife.

How to Talk about Your Career When Youre Out of a Job

How to Talk about Your Career When Youre Out of a Job In a culture where your job is often linked to your identity, being unemployed can make social interaction tough. You don’t want to put an awkward damper on the conversation, but you do need a quick answer to that inevitable question, â€Å"So, what do you do?† Here are some ideas on how to keep the conversation flowing (and possibly gain a new professional contact!):1. Avoid using the word â€Å"unemployed,† instead talk about your â€Å"transition.†Try statements like, â€Å"I was formerly with Company XY, but am looking to transition to a smaller, more focused company † or â€Å"I’m hoping to transition to a new department in my field, so I’m currently on the hunt for marketing jobs instead of admin.†2. Talk about your field–no need to mention a specific job.You don’t need to name a company when you talk about your career: â€Å"I’m in book sales–I specialize in young adult fiction.† Stateme nts like this are the truth, and can open the door to a conversation about your skill sets and what you might be looking for in the future.3. Change the subject to activities you take part in outside of your career.Responses like, â€Å"I’m currently looking for work, but in the meantime, I volunteer at my local animal shelter† are a graceful way to answer the question and discuss interesting projects close to your heart.Even if you’re unemployed, you’re still the same talented person with a collection of interests and skills to discuss in any social situation. Always present yourself as capable and confident about the future to come–and open to making new networking contacts!How To Introduce Yourself When You’re UnemployedRead More at Careerealism

Changes in Leadership and CEO Succession slp Assignment

Changes in Leadership and CEO Succession slp - Assignment Example It had all worked out very well and everybody was used to the way things were being run for the last twenty years. This was also possible because the company had been only manufacturing one product. With time, however, the company branched into other products and the company grew bigger putting a strain on the finance department to perform both roles of human resource and finance as it had always done. Tensions started between departments and the finance office due to delays in processing as the department was understaffed. There were delays in supply procurement, staff requests and other general work requirements. In hindsight, these issues could have been solved very amicably through adding more staff to the department and assigning the different responsibilities to individual persons in the department. Unfortunately, the finance department as a unit took the many complaints against it as an all out war set out to discredit the department when the matter was raised at a general sta ff meeting. The finance department developed very fierce hostility towards all the other departments in the company. The senior management of the company put the finance director on a six-month compulsory leave pending investigations. He refused to comply with the decision and reported as usual to the office refusing to hand over anything. His contract was terminated and, the department was divided into two departments. This was the human resource and finance departments with two new mangers to led them. Nearly everybody was happy with the management’s decision to remove the finance director. However, there was a lot of confusion and quite a number of crises that surrounded that action. It would have worked out better for the management if they had worked out the changes needed in the company after the Lewin’s model of organizational change and transition (Lippitt, 1958). The company would have had time to weigh the pros and

Lawrence Ellison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lawrence Ellison - Essay Example He was born in New York City, on August 17, 1944, to an unwed Jewish mother. He was then adopted by his mother's uncle and aunt, who raised him in Chicago. His adopted mother was kind to him, but he has quite a few contradictions with his adopted father. The financial condition of the family was alright, until the Great Depression robbed his adopted father of his job, after which he took up a small job as an auditor. Lawrence Ellison went to Eugene Field Elementary School in Chicago, and then went to Sullivan High School. Even as a child, he showed great aptitude for Science and Math. He attended the University of Illinois and left it at the end of the second year, since his mother had expired then. Later, he went to the University of Chicago, where he learnt computer designing, for just one term. Later, he took up a number of jobs that helped him earn a living. In the 1970s, Ellison took up a job with Ampex Corporation. Here, he worked on a project that basically dealt with creating a database for CIA. It was called Oracle. Eventually, he started a venture on his own, with his colleagues, Robert Miner and Ed Oates, after being inspires by a paper called, 'A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks' by Edgar F. ("Ted") Codd, describing a concept Codd had developed at IBM. It was initially called Software Development Laboratories.Soon enough, they won a contract to build a relational database management system for the CIA, and thus began his career as a software entrepreneur. By completing the project ahead of schedule and using the time to develop the company, Ellison and his partners started their stride into the million dollar mark. Ever since, the company's profits doubled year after year. It soon turned into a billion dollar company, from a million dollar comp any. This was when the company got its current name, Oracle. Oracle also experienced its share of difficulties, in the aftermath of going public in 1986. Employees of Oracle overstated the value of their company. This led to losses the next financial year around. The company was also on the brink of bankruptcy. This was when Ellison decided to step in and disburse managerial powers to professionals and solely concentrated on product design. After this overhaul, the company registered more profits than before. Even in the light of the financial meltdown, Oracle has been able to sustain itself. Lawrence Ellison, for his part, has been one among the world's richest men. In fact, at one point in time, he overtook Microsoft's Bill Gates, to become the World's Richest Man. He leads a very lavish life, with a special regard and passion for yachting and water-sports. ASSETS, PHILANTHROPY AND CONTRIBUTION Lawrence Ellison, in his position as the co-founder and CEO of Oracle, has been currently named as the fourth

18-6 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

18-6 - Assignment Example By drawing the sample of fifty cards, I did not get a defective deck since I did not pick any joker or king cards which were theoretically assigned the value of a defective card. Thus, it is my reasoned opinion and line of thought that the deck that I did chose from the shuffle of cards was not defective to that extent. The second draw that I with replacement has a defect since I got a king thereby meaning that the permutations that I did with the previous set of cards could not be repeated. This is to say that the cards that I drew on the second ruffle gave me a defective result since I got a king card which we theoretically assigned the value of a defective score or card. I did not get 25% of each suit because the sample given which are 13 did not represent the whole population which is given as 52. There were variation in the number and types of cards selected resulting to less than 25% number of suits chosen. Therefore, about my sample I have a bad deck since I am unable to choose 25% number of suits. When using a single sample a proportion of 0.192 is obtained. For example, 10/52 gives as 0.192. Therefore, a single sample does not give a clear representation of the population since its proportion is less as compared to the population it represents. Also, when comparing average sample to a single sample, the average for the 10 sample gives a greater proportion than the single sample. On the other hand, average sample gives a good representative of the whole population since its proportion is closer to the population. It is not possible to get 25% of each suit because the sample proportion is small. Also, when we repeat with 5 samples, the outcome will be the same. The conclusion is that, it is difficult to get 25% of each suit when using fewer samples. Therefore, the higher the number of samples used the higher the chances of getting 25% of each suits. 10/52 gives 0.1923 or 19.23%, 26/52 gives 0.5 or 50%, 51/52 gives 0.9808 or 98.08% and

Advantages Of Digital Technology

Advantages Of Digital Technology Development of information systems and technology has evolved a number of changes in current trends and patterns of technology. Development of technology has evolved with development of digital technologies and smart phones in current market scenario. The following project is a study of digital technology as a new innovation in the information technology sector. The above part is well explained with the help of various examples defining the above statement as there is tremendous growth in development of various smart phones. The analysis has been drawn after researching from various books, websites and scholarly articles and critical analysis is being provided for the same. Digital Technologies: Over-view (Source:   [1]  www.hypersounds.es) Digital describes electronic technology that generates, stores, and processes data in terms of two states: positive and non-positive. Positive is expressed or represented by the number 1 and non-positive by the number 0. Thus, data transmitted or stored with digital technology is expressed as a string of 0s and 1s. Each of these state digits is referred to as a bit (and a string of bits that a computer can address individually as a group is a byte). (www.searchcio  [2]  midmarket.techtarget.com) ADVANTAGES OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY We will understand some of the advantages of the digital technology in brief which will help to understand the concept in clear. Quality Advantage: The storage of digital as well visual information remains constant with the digital quality. Whereas the analog gets corrupted or duplicated if the signal is lost. Even in terms of digital quality it does not suffer from problems like analog signals or transmission of data. Editing Advantage: Non-linear editing allow taking piece of digital information along with re-arranging them at without any loss of quality. Splice of tape is moreover difficult and damages the original data. It also helps to combine the multiple sources of data into a single source. Portable: Digital technologies provide portability to the devices of any kind of nature. It gives the device high amount of portability and flexibility to the device. Storage and portability of data is very easy and not complex in nature. This is the most important feature of portable devices. (Laudon Laudon, 2007) Literature Review Digital technologies are basically put into use with a variety of physical form of communication like satellites or fiber optic transmission devices. According to Laudon and Laudon (2007) digital signals transfers the information in the form of wave with the help of satellites which has helped todays communication to survive and grow fast. On the basis of various studies made from different sources smart phones will make more competitive advantage through introducing different digital technological with technological advancement. Digital information is transformed with the help of a modem in the computer to analog signals and then analog phone signals are converted into digital information of a computer device or any other device. Even the technological advancement, engineering, re-construction and technological transfer have made smart phones the renowned innovation in this earth. SMART PHONES: A DEVICE OF UNLIMITED EXPECTATIONS (www.editorsweblog.org  [3]  ) The term Smartphone is sometimes used to characterize a wireless telephone set with special computer-enabled features not previously associated with telephones (www.searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com  [4]  ) The smart phones are a result of constant development of digital technology in todays market. There are number of companies which make use of digital technology and have come up with a variety of smart phones. The leading companies are Apple Industries, Research in Motion, Nokia, HTC and many more. All these companies have come up with the best possible smart phones which have an unbelievable features and advantages. Smart phones are usually possess a number of features like Wireless Internet Services, Personal Information Management, Online Banking facility, Personal Organizer, Digital Camera with Photoshop and much more. ADVANTAGES OF SMARTPHONES: The smart phones are already built in with smart applications as well as loaded with immense features which help to make the smart phones different from other devices. Keeps Organized: Smartphones are loaded with applications like personal organizer along with various applications for reminders, calendars as well as task-to-do list and much more which makes an individual organized with information on finger tips Makes Work Easy:- It is to notice that with the help of smart phone, any person can make notes, review their various files and contact on the phone itself making the work more easy and simple. Availability of Information:- Smart phones are the devices which can provide almost any kind of information and services at any point of time. Information regarding maps and weather report or current news of the market and much more can be easily accessible through a smart phone. Always in-touch: These days most of the smart phones are being built specially to support social networking sites applications like facebook, twitter, and g-talk messenger. A person can stay in touch with all their people at all the time without any problem. Even it includes business man as these kinds of features are much required in their day-to-day working. (Chaffey, 2009) Information Sharing: With the use of smart phones more data can be sent and received with the help of email with big attachments can be shared instantly with the help of these smart phones. These features are being analyzed by businessmen as they need such applications in their phones for their daily work. Faster Communication:-Smart phones are the carrier of faster communication. They are built in to support web services which make communication the best. Phones like iphones and Blackberry have this facility where the web services is like a carrier and it is always in use which makes the phone different from other devices. Functionality: Many models offer built-in digital cameras with immediate snap and send functionality, so remote workers or offsite staff can instantly photograph and send images or videos of anything from suppliers goods to site inspections or damaged warehouse machinery. (  [5]  Source: www.is4profit.com) A REAL DEBATE ON SMART PHONES TO BE THE NEXT GENERATION DEVICE According to the various markets survey and current trends prove that the smart phones are presently the best possible digital device available in the market. Understanding the current scenario is quite clear that even presently smart phones are the best available digital device. But certainly some changes and development has to be made. Smart phones are the devices which are useful to different kinds of people irrespective of the profession or position. It makes work easy with faster means of communication in all purposes. According to the current marker share Overall, smart phone vendors shipped 54.7 million units in the first quarter, up 56.7 percent from a year ago. Smartphones accounted for 18.8 percent of all mobile phones in the first quarter, up from 14.4 percent in 2009. (Source www.zdnet.com  [6]  ) This proves by itself that there is a very high amount of competition between companies manufacturing smart phones as in the time to come smart phones would be the most important available device to use for an individual. Part B E-Commerce (Source: www.makemoneyideas.in)  [7]   As per (Fox, 2009) e-commerce simply means that an individual or a group of people are conducting their business with the help of electronic medium. This method of doing business is getting very much popular nowadays and that is because of the increasing importance of internet and also customer are getting net savvy or to be more precise, this is the new way of doing any business to get more appeal and customers are getting something new to experience. This is the way due to which, they can get more information regarding the products by sitting at their home, and also at the same time they might have their stores at the high streets but for something more to offer to the final consumers they might be doing their business online. The other example of E Commerce is eBay and Amazon. This is the organizations, which do their business completely online and they do not have their stores running on the high streets. (Fitzsimmons, 2007) Types of Ecommerce: Business-to-consumer: This is the type of business where they interact directly with the consumers. The best example is Dixons. Business-to-business: This is the type of business where they need to interact and trade with other businesses. For examples, Tesco by using information communication technology manage its all aspects of supply chain such as to supports patterns of repeat orders, delivery and payments between the company and its major suppliers. Consumer-to-consumer: This type of ecommerce occurs between individuals which involves forms of cash commerce normally for low cost goods or services. The classic example of C2C ecommerce is Ebay. Mobile commerce: Mobile commerce is the ability to conduct or operate the commerce using a mobile device such as smartphones personal digital assistant and other emerging mobile devices. Mobile commerce represents small fraction of total e-commerce transactions. Web 2.0 Technologies: (Source: www.xtreamtechnologies.com)  [8]   Web 2.0 is mainly linked with the application related to the web that would actually facilitate sharing of information, design that is user centre in nature and also include partnership with World Wide Web. It includes RSS feeds, social bookmarking, weblogs, folksonomies and wikis. Literature Review As per Fox (2009) it can be described as the new tools in the internet that actually creates the idea that all of the people would use the internet media and also at the same time would use the web should not just use it as and when it is required by them but instead they need to contribute actively that would actually help to customize technology and media to fulfill their needs and also for their society. It is said that new technology is being developed which is very useful for the existing and new business to flourish. It mostly promises to help and prove to be very much productive to those firm that are not focused on the profits but instead they help to improve the standard of living. Importance of e-commerce and web 2.0 technologies for online business: It is quite common that internet is the thing that drives business in its true sense. Also apart from this, there are many other things that would help the organization to stay competitive in the market and so there is more and more need for better use of the internet so that they are able to achieve their organizational goals and objectives within a short span of time and to make it fundamentally strong. Web 2.0 is the element that would add or is referred as the trend is the very much developing in todays business world. It mainly facilitates and increases their creativity, sharing of their information, and also at the same time, it is easy form tem for effectively communicating. If the business can use it successfully, it can prove to be very much productive for the organization. (Mc Leod, 2007) Role of e-commerce web 2.0 technologies: Case study of eBay The most important feature of ecommerce is its utility in whole global market scenario. Because of its online facility consumers or manufacturers need not face any major trade barriers. The other main part of the business is they can do the trading all round the clock and without any sort of disturbance to both the parties. The other thing that they need to do is, eBay has actually taken full advantage of the ecommerce and they had come about with the new products with detailed overview and presentation in the right format so that, so that more sales can be done in a short span of time. Apart from this, eBay was able to cater to any market in any geographical location due to better use of the internet as and when it is required by the business. There was also a low amount operational cost involved. There was also no special need for physical company that needs to set up by every customer. (Spencer, 2006) Customers were getting chance that they can select any given product at any given point of time. They were able to cater to local market specially. EBay started with the business that was easy to start with and also at the same time, was easy to manage. Role of e-commerce web 2.0 technologies: Case study of Amazon Amazon is also one of the biggest online business organization which focuses is selling the product online or with the help of ecommerce. Ecommerce is the only way by which they have been successful in the current market place and they have developed their business at a huge space after a dotcom bubble. Amazon also uses web 2.0 technologies to serve their customer in a much better way. As per (Nilson, 2010) it is the way by which, they have been able to attract number of consumers and also to market their products in a smarter way. With the help of web 2.0 technologies it was possible for them to use the video to show the demo of their product. This is very much useful when the customers are from different place and would like to see how the product looks like and how does it actually work. So this was possible only with the help of the web technology. Tagging is also one of the ways which Amazon is very much successful in using it due to which the customers are able to find the product in a quick manner and without writing any sort of major descriptions. It would also make it possible that a customer can actually compare between two different products. This would give them an additional service and also at the same time, clients can make use of the best alternative product. Amazon was successful after implementing the technology. (Fitzsimmons, 2007) CONCLUSION As it is the world of digital technology and e-commerce, digital signals help for the transmission of information as per needed and required. The rapid technological advancement, transfer, changes and specification has made the world a unit home. The latest development in terms of technology or development of smart phones will make it easier to do quality activities with high security, obligation, co-relation, justice. Radical changes have been noticed after the implementation of such technologies, as is the case in success of eBay and Amazon making it possible to instantly buy or sell online and boost the business. The possibility of better performance and business by organisations like eBay and Amazon due to development of web 2.0 technologies and e-commerce is sure to widen and achieve more competitive advantage in coming days. Similarly, as already proven by current trends smart phones will achieve wider sophisticated market in the world of business competition. Overall technological innovation like web 2.0 and smarts phones are sure to extend far beyond in the ever increasing world of tough completion. References: Christopher M. Spencer, (2006), The eBay entrepreneur, published by Kaplan Publishing, USA. Chaffey, D. (2009), E-business and E-commerce Management: Strategy, Implementation and Practice, (4th Edition) Harlow/FT Prentice Hall. Fitzsimmons, J.A Fitzsimmons, M.J. (2007), Service Management: Operations Strategy, Information Technology, (6th Edition) Singapore, McGraw Hill International Edition. Kevin Nilson, (2010), Web 2.0 Fundamentals for Developers, (1st Edition), Published by Jones and Barlett, Sudbury, UK. Laudon, K and Laudon, J (2007). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, (10th Edition) Pearson Education Mc Leod, R. (2007) Management Information Systems, (10th Edition), Prentice Hall Publishing. Scott C. Fox, (2009), E-riches 2.0 next generation marketing strategies for making millions online, Published by Amacom Books, New York. http://makemoneyideas.in/Ecommerce.php, [Assessed on 04 December 2010] http://xtreamtechnologies.com/Web_Development.html, [Assessed on 05 December 2010] http://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid183_gci211948,00.html [Assessed on 01 December 2010] http://www.hypersounds.es/index_en.html [Assessed on 01 December 2010] http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/smartphone [Assessed on 02 December 2010] http://www.is4profit.com/business-advice/it-telecoms/smartphones/the-benefits-of-smartphones.html [Assessed on 01 December 2010] http://www.zdnet.com/blog/btl/apple-iphone-smartphone-market-share-surges-rim-slips/34181 [Assessed on 3 December 2010] http://www.editorsweblog.org/multimedia/2010/02/smartphone_sales_soar_in_2009.php [Assessed on 3 December 2010]